Abstract EANA2026-92

Exploration of the origin of life requires compact, ultra-sensitive sensors suitable for long-duration space missions. In situ measurements are important for advancing astrochemical and astrobiological studies without returning samples to Earth. EPR and NMR are currently among the most widely used techniques for biochemical analysis. However, they can hardly be called compact. To make such measurements possible, we propose using diamond color centers, particularly nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers, for space missions. NV centers have been demonstrated as a platform for nano-EPR and nano-NMR under laboratory conditions.

 

Quantum sensing based on NV centers in (nano)diamond can be used as a tool for chemical and biological sensing through changes in spin relaxation times. More specifically, T1 relaxometry can be used to detect magnetic noise associated with spin-active chemical species, such as free radicals, during redox reactions and pH-dependent processes. While NV-based quantum sensors have been shown to work aboard the International Space Station (ISS) for magnetic field monitoring, their application in the space environment for monitoring chemical reactions and studying spin relaxation dynamics has not been explored.

 

Here, we present an NV-based sensor for monitoring light-induced redox reactions and pH-dependent chemical changes that will be performed aboard the ISS. These initial Earth-based experiments are used to study relaxation times and establish a baseline for comparison with microgravity measurements planned for the ISS in 2027. This work aims to showcase the feasibility of compact diamond quantum sensors for monitoring chemical reactions in space and to explore the long-term potential of these sensing technologies for in situ astrochemistry, space exploration, and future biosensing applications during long-duration space missions.