Abstract EANA2026-64

Sustainable energy systems for extreme or closed environments, such as space habitats, require low-emission and renewable solutions to minimize the waste associated with non-renewable, resource-intensive technologies. This research investigates the development of a bioelectrochemical energy cell utilizing a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY) as a biodegradable power source. The system operates by harnessing microbial metabolic processes, where microorganisms participate in redox reactions to transfer electrons to electrodes and generate electrical current.

The experimental system is based on a kombucha-derived biofilm functioning as a living, electroactive membrane integrated with electrode materials such as titanium or carbon-based composites. To enhance extracellular electron transfer and overall autonomy, the SCOBY was functionalized with carbon nanotubes or graphene to create an internally conductive 3D matrix. The study evaluated various architecture configurations, including single-chamber and dual-chamber designs, as well as high-performance benchmarks using ferricyanide cathodes. Monitoring was performed via a Raspberry Pi-based electronic architecture that tracked real-time power levels, CO2 concentrations, and thermal stability within the optimal 20-26 ℃ range.

Quantitative data indicates that SCOBY-based prototypes could achieve efficiencies 5% to 30% higher than traditional microbial fuel cells (MFCs) that rely on single-species biocatalysts. While pure kombucha cultures produced approximately 3 mA, modified composites reached significantly higher current values between 15–20 mA. The high-performance dual-chamber configuration reached a maximum power density of 168 pm 9 mW/m2. Beyond power generation, these systems demonstrate memristive properties and neural-like signaling spikes, suggesting their potential as resilient, multi-functional components for life-support systems and biosensing in future space missions.